Bone health, exercise, and osteoporosis medication decisions

Recent osteoporosis reviews reinforce that BMD and T-scores should inform—but not dictate—care; fracture history, age, falls, secondary causes, clinical risk, treatment response, and adverse effects also matter. A BMJ synthesis of 124 trials involving 18,429 adults found modest, heterogeneous bone-density benefits from activities such as brisk walking or jogging, supporting individualized rather than prescriptive exercise advice.