Menopause, brain health, and Alzheimer's risk

Coverage continues to associate earlier menopause and perimenopausal estradiol changes with cognitive, inflammatory, and brain-MRI differences, but evidence remains observational and does not establish causation or determine Alzheimer's risk. A small randomized-study analysis suggests regular aerobic exercise may improve selected brain-health measures in postmenopausal women, but it does not establish dementia prevention; HRT has not been shown to prevent dementia.