DESI 5-year survey complete; evolving dark energy hints; cosmological principle challenge; SPT cluster catalog; new peculiar velocity result; dark energy from black holes hypothesis; DES data also hints at non-constant expansion; sign-switching model reanalysis; radio galaxy dipole excess; cosmological reconstruction nuance; galaxy alignment challenge with rebuttal; DECADE weak lensing analysis; UNIONS dark matter map; new AI data service for cosmology; Gruber Prize for supernova cosmology; dark matter force study; quasar lenses discovery; Tournament of Tension model comparison; CMB anomalies explainer; DESI Lyman-alpha forest neutrino mass and dark energy; FRB void probe; DOE Genesis Open Model Initiative

DESI completed 5-year survey early, mapping 47M galaxies/quasars. Weakening DE at 2.8-4.2σ; DES SN5YR 3.2σ evolving (w0=-0.803, wa=-0.87). A new DESI DR1 peculiar velocity analysis finds growth rate consistent with Planck ΛCDM and GR. CIGaRS AI quadruples supernova distance precision. South Pole Telescope 3G survey released catalog of 7,190 galaxy clusters. A new hypothesis suggests dark energy may pour out of black holes via cosmological coupling, with testable predictions for JWST mass function. Additionally, Dark Energy Survey (DES) data also hints at non-constant expansion. A recent rigorous reanalysis of the sign-switching dark energy model (LsCDM) shows it eases but does not resolve the Hubble tension. A new 5-sigma anomaly from the radio galaxy dipole excess suggests our solar system moves three times faster than ΛCDM predicts (Böhme et al., PRL Nov 2025). A recent article clarifies that cosmological reconstruction of dark energy does not imply fundamental phantom behavior. Another new analysis of DESI galaxy pair alignments challenges the cosmological principle, but a rebuttal using FLAMINGO simulations suggests a distance calculation error. A new DECADE weak lensing analysis (270M galaxies, 13,000 sq deg) finds S8 consistent with Planck and serves as a testbed for LSST Year 1. The UNIONS collaboration released the largest dark matter map of the northern hemisphere using weak lensing on 61M galaxies, consistent with ΛCDM. A new commentary piece argues that the cosmic dipole anomaly suggests dark energy may be an illusion due to bulk flows. A new Genesis-funded project will build a shared data service for cosmology AI across Rubin, DESI, and CMB surveys. Carnegie Mellon University is leading three of the Genesis Mission projects, including Mandelbaum's AI infrastructure for large astronomy experiments. The DOE has now launched the Genesis Open Model Initiative, releasing a 400B open-weight model (Genesis-Science-1/Trinity) from Arcee Labs for on-prem use at national labs. A recent synthesis article connects the Hubble tension, Methuselah star, JWST early galaxies, and DESI hints into a coherent challenge to the 13.8 Gyr age. The 2026 Gruber Cosmology Prize was awarded to Filippenko, Nomoto, and Woosley for transforming supernovae into precision cosmology tools. A new study (JCAP June 2026) shows an additional attractive force between dark matter particles suppresses structure growth, constraining models that try to explain DESI tensions. ML applied to DESI data discovered seven new quasar lenses, doubling the known sample. A systematic comparison of 14 cosmological models (Tournament of Tension) finds early non-radiative energy models reduce Hubble tension to ~3σ, but ΛCDM still wins without local priors. A new explainer covers 8 unresolved CMB anomalies (Cold Spot, Axis of Evil, etc.) that challenge ΛCDM. A major new DESI Lyman-alpha forest result tightens neutrino mass limits approaching the normal hierarchy floor and adds independent dark energy evidence. A new study uses FRBs to probe cosmic voids, finding baryon underdensity 60%±30% and void gas temperature ~1.1M K, demonstrating FRBs as cosmological tools. A new diagnostic consistency test of ΛCDM has been published, adding to the ongoing scrutiny. Argonne's HPC and modeling contributions to DES final results provide technical depth.