North Korea expands missile and undersea pressure

CSIS researchers count 34 launch events over 21 months and at least 93 missiles since January 2025; Japan reported two suspected launches, one reaching about 910 km, with an irregular trajectory under analysis. KN-23/Hwasongpho-11 maneuvering and possible mass production underscore defensive challenges, while outside support remains unconfirmed. Commentary on Seoul’s hypersonic ambitions emphasizes ISR and mobile-launcher tracking over presumed advantages, without establishing a policy shift.