Autonomous Vehicle Deployment, Human Factors, Transferability, and Regulation Under Scrutiny

GM's simulator and Chemnitz pedestrian studies reinforce that attention, stress, trust, takeover behavior, braking profiles, and vehicle-pedestrian interaction are central to eyes-off autonomy. Mapping partnerships such as TomTom–DeepRoute.ai remain pre-commercial, while GM's 2028 target requires independent validation of safety, fallback reliability, road coverage, privacy, utilization, economics, and regulatory readiness.