Presidential removal power expanded in Slaughter and Cook, Fed carve-out tested

The Supreme Court's 6-3 ruling overturning Humphrey's Executor grants presidents sweeping removal power over independent agencies, but carves out an exception for the Federal Reserve. Trump has now renewed his push to remove Fed Governor Lisa Cook, testing the limits of that carve-out and the 'for cause' removal standard. The next battleground is federal spending and 'appropriations presidentialism' in NIH v. APHA. Critics argue the Court selectively applies major questions doctrine and unitary executive theory.