Earlier Recognition: Biomarkers, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Access

Blood biomarkers and imaging can support assessment of symptomatic people but cannot replace clinical evaluation or reliably forecast dementia in symptom-free people. Apathy may precede obvious memory changes but has uncertain causes and is not diagnostic; the 4AT is supported for delirium detection, not as a dementia-identification score. Medicare Part B may cover a separate memory-and-thinking assessment and care plan, distinct from a Wellness visit; confirm coverage and costs.